上海科技大学知识管理系统

Biosensor is a comprehensive integrated technology device that crosses multiple disciplines such as biological sensitive materials, physical and chemical transducers, and electrical signal amplification devices. Typical biosensors utilizebioactive materials with specific sensing functions as sensitive elements, combined physical and chemical transducers and conditioning circuits based on microelectronic devices, to rea-lize the conversion of biosensitive information into electrical signals and amplification. The sensitivity and anti-interference ability of transducers directly affect the performance of biosensor. Extracted from halobacterium salinarum, bacteriorhodopsin is a kind of biological material with good photosensitive properties. It can directly convert optical signals into electrical signals to realize the function of combining sensitive elements and transducers. It has been widely used in a variety of biosensors. The photosensitivity and stability of bacteriorhodopsin are suitable for the development of light sensors with color sensitivity, and the earliest application direction is artificial retina. The integration of photosensitivity and energy conversion characteristics can realize the function of optical motion detection using only a single sensor element, and the application can be extended to the field of motion sensing. In addition to its application in the area of vision sensing, bacteriorhodopsin has shown good sensitivity, stability and specificity in pathogen detection, water pH detection, cell membrane potential detection. It not only has application value in the field of biosensor, but also provides a new way for the research of semiconductor sensing methods. In this review, based on the brief introduction of the basic functions of bacteriorhodopsin, such as proton pump and photoelectric response cha-racteristics, the application progress of biosensor based on bacteriorhodopsin is described and the characteristics of different sensors are analyzed, so as to provide reference for the mechanism and application research of rhodopsin. © 2021, Materials Review Magazine. All right reserved.